SUPLEMENTASI MIKRONUTRIEN MENUNJANG EFEKTIVITAS TERAPI GIZI PADA PASIEN AKALASIA ESOFAGUS DENGAN HIPOALBUMINEMIA BERAT
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Abstract
Pendahuluan
Akalasia merupakan gangguan motilitas berupa hilangnya peristaltik esofagus dan gagalnya sfingter esofagokardia berelaksasi, makanan tertahan di esophagus. Menyebabkan malnutrisi karena asupan tidak optimal.
Laporan Kasus
Laki-laki 64 tahun dirawat dikonsul dengan dyspepsia e.c akalasia esofagus. Keluhan utama, asupan makan berkurang dialami sejak 2 bulan karena sulit menelan dan muntah tiap kali makan. Tidak ada nyeri menelan. Demam, batuk dan sesak tidak ada. Ada penurunan berat badan, besarnya tidak diketahui. Luka pada antebrachium dekstra et sinistra. Pasien tidak menderita diabetes maupun hipertensi. Sakit sedang, GCS E4M6V5, tanda vital normal. Status gizi severe protein energy malnutrition berdasarkan ukuran LILA (18 cm). Hasil laboratorium didapatkan deplesi berat sistem imun, hipoalbuminemia dan penurunan fungsi ginjal.
Terapi nutrisi berupa diet 1430 kkal, protein 1.2g/kgBBI/hari dalam bentuk makanan cair via oral dan nutrisi parenteral. Kebutuhan cairan 1400ml/24 jam. Suplementasi vitamin B kompleks, zinc 20mg, pujimin 450mg, vitamin A 20.000IU, Vitamin C 300mg dan Curcuma 400 mg/8jam. Pemantauan asupan, toleransi saluran cerna, tanda vital dan keseimbangan cairan setiap hari.
Setelah perawatan 41 hari, pasien dapat menelan makanan lunak, luka pada antebrachium menutup, tidak terjadi perburukan status gizi, albumin dan protein total meningkat.
Kesimpulan
Hipoalbuminemia pada pasien akalasia esofagus, efusi pleura bilateral, skin and soft tissue infection terkoreksi dengan asupan protein 1,2 gr/kgBBI/hari, Zinc 20 mg, vitamin B kompleks, Pujimin 450 mg, Vitamin A 20.000 IU, Vitamin C 300 mg dan Curcuma 400 mg/8 jam/oral.
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